When is a government grant recognized according to IAS 20?

A government grant is recognized as income according to IAS 20 when there is reasonable assurance that the entity will comply with the conditions attached to the grant and that the grant will be received. This emphasis on reasonable assurance is crucial, as it reflects the need for an entity to demonstrate that it is likely to meet the conditions specified in the grant agreement, which may include compliance with various performance-related conditions or objectives.

This assurance allows financial statements to reflect a more accurate and fair view of the entity's financial performance and position. Once the entity has this assurance, it can begin to recognize the grant in its income statement, usually on a systematic basis over the periods that the related costs are incurred. This timing aligns the recognition of income with the expenses that the grant is intended to compensate, adhering to the matching principle, which states that income and expenses ought to be recognized in the same period.

While waiting for grant funds to be received, making a grant application, or fulfilling all conditions might seem significant milestones, they do not directly relate to when the grant should be recognized in accordance with IAS 20. In practice, the focus is on the assurance of compliance rather than these other events.